Table Of Content:
   - Introduction to the course
    -Database definitions
    -Importance of the Databases
    -Databases and Traditional File Processing Systems.
    -Advantages of Databases
    -Difference between Data and Information
    -Further Advantages of Database Systems
    -Cost Involved
    -Importance of Data
    -Levels of Data
    -Users of Database Systems 
    -Database Architecture
    -The Architecture
    -External View (Level, Schema or Model)
    -Conceptual or Logical View
     -Internal or Physical View / Schema
     -Data Independence:
     -Functions of DBMS
     -Database Development Process
     -Preliminary Study
     -Database Development Process: Approach 2
     -Tools Used for Database System Development:
     -Data Flow Diagrams
     -Types of DFD
     -Detailed Data Flow Diagram
     -Data Dictionary
     -Database Design Phase
     -Types of Data Models
     -Types of Database Design
     -Entity-Relationship Data Model 
     -The Entity
     -Classification of entity types.
     -Attribute
     -Types of Attributes.
     -Summary:
     -Exercises
     -Attributes
     -The Keys
     -Relationships
     -Types of Relationships
     -Roles in Relationships
     -Dependencies..
     -Enhancements in E-R Data Model
     -Super-type and Subtypes
     
     -Inheritance
     -Super types and Subtypes
     -Specifying Constraints
     -Completeness Constraint
     -Disjointness Constraint
     -Subtype Discriminator
     -Steps in the Study of system
     -Identification of Entity Types of the Examination System
     -Relationships and Cardinalities in between Entities
     -Conceptual Database Design
     -Logical Database Design 
   
     -Relational Data Model
     -Introduction to the Relational Data model 
     -Mathematical Relations
     -Database Relations
     -Database and Math Relations
     -Degree of a Relation
     -Mapping Relationships
     -Binary Relationships
     -Unary Relationship
     -Data Manipulation Languages
     -Relational Algebra
     -The Project Operator
     -Types of Joins
     -Theta Join
     -Equi–Join
     -Natural Join
     -Outer Join
     -Semi Join
     -Relational Calculus
     -Tuple Oriented Relational Calculus..
     -Domain Oriented Relational Calculus
     -Normalization
     -Functional Dependency.
     -Inference Rules
     -Normal Forms
     -Second Normal Form 
     -Third Normal Form
     -Boyce - Codd Normal Form
     -Higher Normal Forms
     -Normalization Summary 
     -Normalization Example
     -Physical Database Design
     -The Physical Database Design Considerations and Implementation 
     -DESIGNING FIELDS
     -CODING AND COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES
     -Physical Record and De-normalization
     -Partitioning
     -Physical Record and Denormalization
     -Denormalization Situation 1
     -Partitioning
     -Vertical Partitioning
     -Replication
     -Reduced training cost
     -MS SQL Server
     -Rules of SQL Format 
     -Data Types in SQL Server
     -Categories of SQL Commands
     -Alter Table Statement
     -Select Statement
     -Attribute Allias
     -Data Manipulation Language
     -ORDER BY Clause
     -Functions in SQL
     -GROUP BY Clause
     -HAVING Clause
     -Cartesian Product 
     -Inner Join
     -Outer Join
     -Semi Join
     -Self Join
     -Subquery
     -Application Programs 
     -User Interface 
     -Forms
     -Tips for User Friendly Interface
     -File Organizations
     -Hashing.
     -Hash Functions
     -Hashed Access Characteristics
     -Mapping functions
     -Open addressing:..
     -Index
     -Index Classification
     -Ordered Indices 
     -Clustered Indexes
     -Non-clustered Indexes..
     -Dense and Sparse Indices 
     -Multi-Level Indices
     -Views
     -To Focus on Specific Data
     -Characteristics /Types of Views
     -Characteristics of Views
     -Updating Multiple Tables
     -Materialized Views
     -Transaction Management
     -The Concept of a Transaction
     -Transactions and Schedules
     -Concurrent Execution of Transactions
     -Serializability
     -Lock-Based Concurrency Control
     -Deadlocks.
     -Incremental Log with Deferred Updates..
     -Incremental Log with Immediate Updates
     -Concurrency Control..
     -Uncommitted Update Problem
     -Inconsistent Analysis 
     -Serial Execution
     -Serializability.
     -Locking
     -Locking Idea 
     -DeadLock.
     -DeadLock Handling 
     -Deadlock Resolution
     -Timestamping rules